See cilium on Wiktionary
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{
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}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cella"
},
{
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"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "ceya"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "cella"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "celha"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "ceja"
},
{
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"lang_code": "es",
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}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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],
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}
],
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keljom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cilium\">",
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "the parts under the eyes"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\nFrom Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively, compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”), though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek.",
"forms": [
{
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"links": [
[
"ciliī",
"cilii"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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[
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"cili"
]
],
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]
},
{
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"table-tags"
]
},
{
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"source": "inflection",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliī",
"links": [
[
"ciliī",
"cilii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cilī",
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[
"cilī",
"cili#Latin"
]
],
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliōrum",
"links": [
[
"ciliōrum",
"ciliorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliō",
"links": [
[
"ciliō",
"cilio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliīs",
"links": [
[
"ciliīs",
"ciliis#Latin"
]
],
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"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cilium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliō",
"links": [
[
"ciliō",
"cilio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliīs",
"links": [
[
"ciliīs",
"ciliis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cilium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cilia",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cilium<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "13 12 13 2 20 20 19",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "35 35 29",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 22",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "la:Eye",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eyelid"
],
"id": "en-cilium-la-noun-oGA4awfi",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) eyelid"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
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"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "supercilium"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
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"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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{
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"kind": "other",
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"lower eyelid"
],
"id": "en-cilium-la-noun-jafC-7Ap",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
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"(anatomy) eyelid",
"(transferred sense) lower eyelid"
],
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{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
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"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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},
{
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"source": "w"
},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "37 37 26",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "la:Eye",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eyelash"
],
"id": "en-cilium-la-noun-cOvPgAFF",
"links": [
[
"eyelash",
"eyelash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic, Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɪ.li.ũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃiː.li.um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cilium"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- (cover)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:English/ɪliəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɪliəm/3 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Chinese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Body parts",
"la:Eye"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciliary"
},
{
"word": "Ciliate"
},
{
"word": "ciliate"
},
{
"word": "cilio-"
},
{
"word": "kinocilium"
},
{
"word": "macrocilium"
},
{
"word": "monociliate"
},
{
"word": "monocilium"
},
{
"word": "pseudocilium"
},
{
"word": "stereocilium"
},
{
"word": "uniciliate"
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:cilium<t:eyelid>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin ciliumbor.\nEnglish cilium\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"eyelid\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ḱelyom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cover\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱel-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-yom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keljom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cilium\">\nBorrowed from Latin cilium (“eyelid”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin ciliumbor.\nEnglish cilium\nBorrowed from Latin cilium (“eyelid”).",
"forms": [
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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},
"expansion": "cilium (plural cilia)",
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}
],
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{
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"word": "supercilium"
},
{
"word": "flagellum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Cytology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
244,
250
]
],
"ref": "1892, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Claus, edited by F. G. Heathcote, Elementary Text-book of Zoology:",
"text": "It is the deeper parts of such cells which give rise to delicate muscular fibres or networks of fibres, while the superficially placed body of the cell myoblast), the part which produces the above, performs other functions, and usually bears a cilium.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
30
]
],
"ref": "2006, Manfred Schliwa, Molecular Motors, page 359:",
"text": "The clockwise beating of cilia results in a net flow of extraembryonic fluid leftwards […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"cytology",
"cytology"
],
[
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"microscopic"
],
[
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"hairlike"
],
[
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"organelle"
],
[
"project",
"project"
],
[
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"eukaryotic"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
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"unicellular"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"multicelled",
"multicelled"
],
[
"propulsion",
"propulsion"
],
[
"current",
"current"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid"
],
[
"sensor",
"sensor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"cytology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Entomology"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the fine hairs along an insect's wing."
],
"links": [
[
"entomology",
"entomology"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"wing",
"wing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(entomology) One of the fine hairs along an insect's wing."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"entomology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the hairs or similar protrusions along the margin of an organ."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
],
[
"margin",
"margin"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) One of the hairs or similar protrusions along the margin of an organ."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"An eyelash."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"eyelash",
"eyelash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) An eyelash."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪl.i.əm/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cilium.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cilium.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cilium.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪliəm"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "resna",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ресна"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cili"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "xiānmáo",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "纖毛 /纤毛"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "xiānmáo",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "纤毛"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "řasinka"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brva"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "värekarva"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cil"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "vlefarída",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βλεφαρίδα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciglio"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"lang_code": "ckb",
"roman": "birjolle",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "برژۆڵە"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "kûlk"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "hururiki"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"lang_code": "ne",
"roman": "pakṣma",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"word": "पक्ष्म"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rzęska"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cílio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "resníčka",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ресни́чка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cilio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "cilie"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "resnica",
"sense": "hair along the margin of an organ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ресница"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "hair along the margin of an organ",
"word": "ripsi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "hair along the margin of an organ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rzęska"
}
],
"word": "cilium"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- (cover)",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"la:Eye"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ciliāris"
},
{
"word": "intercilium"
},
{
"word": "supercilium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "čeja"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "ciglio"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "cigghiu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "gigghiu"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "chizu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "cillu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "chiza"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "zéjja"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "cee"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "sia"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "zida"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "sign"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "zida"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "tschegl"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "segia"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "zheja"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "cegia"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "çéi"
}
],
"lang": "North Italian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cella"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cil"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "cil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cil"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "cille"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cilh"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "celh"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cilha"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "celha"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cella"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "ceya"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "cella"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "celha"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "ceja"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "cejo"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cilium"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cilio"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cílio"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciliu"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cilio"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cilie"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*keljom<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*ḱelyom><ety:from<*ḱel-<id:cover>><<alt:*-yom>>>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keljom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cilium\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*keljom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *keljom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱel-yo-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κῠ́λᾱ",
"3": "",
"4": "the parts under the eyes"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\nFrom Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively, compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”), though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciliī",
"links": [
[
"ciliī",
"cilii"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cilī",
"links": [
[
"cilī",
"cili"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cilium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cilia",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliī",
"links": [
[
"ciliī",
"cilii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cilī",
"links": [
[
"cilī",
"cili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliōrum",
"links": [
[
"ciliōrum",
"ciliorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliō",
"links": [
[
"ciliō",
"cilio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliīs",
"links": [
[
"ciliīs",
"ciliis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cilium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cilia",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliō",
"links": [
[
"ciliō",
"cilio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciliīs",
"links": [
[
"ciliīs",
"ciliis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cilium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cilia",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cilium<2>"
},
"expansion": "cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cilium<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"eyelid"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) eyelid"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "supercilium"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"eyelid",
"lower eyelid"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"eyelid",
"eyelid"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) eyelid",
"(transferred sense) lower eyelid"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"eyelash"
],
"links": [
[
"eyelash",
"eyelash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic, Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "palpebra"
}
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɪ.li.ũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃiː.li.um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cilium"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cilium meaning in All languages combined (18.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.